Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part A (2024)

Poland syndrome is a rare congenital disorder presenting with anomalies in the thorax and ipsilateral upper limb. Key features include agenesis or hypoplasia of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major muscle, nipple hypoplasia, diminished subcutaneous fat, rib irregularities, and sometimes Sprengel deformity (elevated scapula). Symbrachydactyly, characterized by short fingers and cutaneous syndactyly (fused fingers), may also be present. The extent and combination of these features can vary widely. Treatment typically focuses on improving pulmonary function affected by thoracic deformities, with an emphasis on cosmetic improvement. Recent advancements involve using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and fat transfer to correct chest defects and enhance breast appearance. This study reports a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room with bilateral lower limb pedal pitting edema, weakness, and abdominal distension. The diagnosis of Poland Syndrome was confirmed based on her left-sided fused ribs and brachysyndactyly of the same side. The patient chose not to undergo reconstructive surgery, as her primary concerns did not relate to cosmetic or functional issues associated with the syndrome.