Vol. 8, Issue 1, Part A (2026)

Sodium cellulose phosphate (SCP), a phosphorylated cellulose derivative, represents a multifunctional biomaterial with wide-ranging pharmacological and biomedical applications. The incorporation of phosphate groups imparts strong ion-exchange capacity, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility, which support its use in disorders involving calcium and phosphate imbalance. Clinically, SCP has been employed in the management of hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis, hypercalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Its mechanism of action is primarily based on binding dietary calcium and phosphate within the gastrointestinal tract, thereby modulating systemic mineral homeostasis. Beyond its therapeutic roles, SCP demonstrates bioadhesive, swelling, and gel-forming properties that enhance its utility in gastrointestinal formulations, controlled drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. Despite its pharmacological potential, SCP use is limited by safety concerns, including risks of hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperoxaluria, gastrointestinal intolerance, and reduced patient adherence compared with newer phosphate binders such as sevelamer or lanthanum carbonate. Nevertheless, SCP remains a promising platform for biomedical innovation. Current research explores its integration into advanced drug delivery systems, nanocarrier-based formulations, and stimuli-responsive hydrogels for site-specific and sustained release. Additionally, SCP-based scaffolds are being investigated in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications due to their ability to promote mineral deposition and cytocompatibility.